Phrases/Language Utilities
Testing for Empty Operands
NB. Adverb. Do u, but skip it if y is null ifany =: ^: (*@#@]) NB. Same if x is nonnull ifanyx =: ^: (*@#@[) NB. Conjunction: u unless y is empty; then v butifnull =: 2 : 'v"_`u@.(*@#@])' NB. Conjunction: u unless x is empty; then v butifxnull =: 2 : 'v"_`u@.(*@#@[)'
Various Ways of Naming an Empty List
NB. Empties: select one according to context NIL =: '' NB. required argument to niladic function NILRET =: '' NB. return from function with no explicit result NILRETQUIET =: i. 0 0 NB. return to J, without printing NB. verb to return empty list, to discard the actual returned value null =: ''"_
Bivalent Conjunction: [x] u v y
When you are creating conjunctions out of other conjunctions, you have to handle the monadic and dyadic cases of the resulting verb. If you have a long sequence of n such conjunctions, and each one refers to its u and v twice, you end up with 2^n copies of the outermost u and v . If your monadic and dyadic forms are related, such that the monad is u v y and the dyad is x u v y, you can code u bivalent v to handle both cases without the combinatorial explosion.
NB. bivalent =: @: : ([. ].) NB. u v y if monad, x u (v y) if dyad NB. u v y if monad, x u (v y) if dyad bivalent =: 2 : 'u@:v : (u v)'
Structural Conjunctions
These conjunctions generalize the hook/fork idea. u xuvy y is the hook (u v); x u ux_vy v y is (u x) v y; etc.
xuvy =: 2 : 'u v' yuvx =: 2 : '(u v)~' uy_vx =: 2 : 'v~ u' ux_vy =: 2 : '(v~ u)~' vy_ux =: 2 : 'u~ v' vx_uy =: 2 : '(u~ v)~'
Intolerant e. and i.
NB. Like e. dyadic, but using intolerant comparison. Faster on lists with identical first elements in0 =: e.!.0 NB. Like i. dyadic, but using intolerant comparison. Faster on lists with identical first elements index0 =: i.!.0
Assembling Results on Lists End-to-End
Use these tools when applying your verb to the items produces results of different lengths, and you want to combine all those results into a list.
NB. Adverb. Apply u and join the results end to end endtoend =: 1 : ';@:(<@u)' NB. Adverb. Apply u on keys, join results end-to-end keyetoe =: 1 : ';@:(<@u/.)' NB. Conjunction, like Cut but put results end-to-end cutetoe =: 2 : ';@:(<@u;.n)'
One-time Initialization
Use this if you want to avoid changing a variable that's already defined, but you want to initialize it if it's not defined.
NB. Initialize a global, but not if it's already been initialized NB. Example: 'name' initifundef 5 initifundef =: (, ('_'&([,],[))@(>@(18!:5)@(0&$)) ) ux_vy ((4 : '(x) =: y')^:(0:>(4!:0)@<@[))
See also User:Andrew Nikitin/once